Thinking Activity :- Bilingualism, Trilingualism and Multilingualism - task - 1

Thinking Activity :- Bilingualism, Trilingualism and Multilingualism - task - 1

(1) "Good Bye" :-

=>  Afrikaans :- Totsiens
=>  French :- Au Revoir
=>  Greek :- Yasou
=>  Irish :- Slan
=>  Latin :- Vale

(2) "Well Done" :-

=> Danish :-  godt klaret
=> Dutch :-  goed zo!
=> Finnish :-  hienoa!
=> French :- bien!
=> German :- gut gemacht!

(3) "Welcome"

=> Afrikaans, Dutch :- Welkom
=> Denish :- Velkommen
=> Finnish :- Tervetuloa
=> French :- Bienvenue
=> German :- Willkommen

(4) "Thank you"

=> Spanish :- Gracias
=> French :- Merci
=> Italian :- Grazie
=> German :- Danke Sehr
=> Thai :- Khop Khun Mak Kha

(5) "Beautiful"

=> Afrikaans :- Pragtige
=> Danish :- Smuk
=> Dutch :- mooi
=> French :- belle
=> Finnish :- Kaunis

To talk with French professors

To talk with French professors

On 22 January French professors prof. Saeed padvani and Fantanini christine from university of Laraine, France.

They talks about their cumture. And they also gives information about their eduction system. They were very curious to interact with students. 

They also gives information about their social systems. Prof. Saeed don't have citizenship of france. He came to France to learn french language.

  

They also talks about gap between rich and poor. And they also talks about their social issues. And talks about opportunities in job. 

Talk with vishal badani sir

Talk with vishal badani sir 
     



On 1st  January, 2019 in our department organisation of workshop on translation studies and talk with an author  Vishal Bhadani. 

The workshop was divided in to two sessions. In the first session he talk about his book of  short story collection Fictionalay and he read a few stories in his book . He send a story like..
   1. Mara hath nu vat nathi
      2. Museum of innocence
      3. Sansai and ranzana
      4. Spring
      5. Kamayan

Sir reads many stories in his book. Sir also writes many short stories. Sir also translates the books. Sir also givgi information about transltion. It is vert interedting session with vishal sir. We all are enjoyed this session. Sir also publishes many books. 

Movie Review River and Tide

Movie Review River and Tide

We have watched this documentary on 14th March. Which was about nature and also interesting movie. Andy Goldsworthy was working with time. This movie related to natural elements. 

 creates mountain shape with stone in the river and show what is reaction of nature carry or change. This experiment through we can say he respects process of life and death. He created lot of things sometimes he became success and sometimes he became failure to making arts but he never deficted. 

Goldsworthy says that "Art for me is a form of nourishment".  He notices sculpture, "The very thing that brought it to life, will bring about its death." The documentary described about Scottish landscapes. He talks about the impact of sheep on the Scottish landscape, and made a chain of green leaves and placed them in the water. Beautiful stonewall, crosses a field, and goes under a river, and emerges to wind through the trees on the other side. 

There is a flow in nature. In the movie covers many beautiful sides of nature.  That's why it creates interest in our mind. It creates a besuty in ftont of our eyes. 

Thinking Activity :- Derrida

Thinking Activity :- Derrida

Jacques Derrida was an Algerian-born French philosopher best known for developing a form of semiotic analysis known as deconstruction, which he discussed in numerous texts, and developed in the context of phenomenology. He is one of the major figures associated with post-structuralism and postmodern philosophy.

Derrida deconstructs the metaphysics of presence. That is to say that according to Derrida there is no presence or truth apart from language. He seeks to prove that the structurality of the structure does not indicate a presence above its free play of signs. This presence was earlier supposed to be the centre of the structure which was paradoxically thought to be within, and outside this structure, it was truth and within, it was intelligibility. But Derrida contends that, ‘the centre could not be thought in the form of a being-presence’, and that in any given text, there is only a free play of an infinite number of sign substitutions. A word is explained by another word which is only a word not an existence. Thus a text is all words which are just words, not indicative of any presence beyond them. In the words of John Sturrock, “The resort to language or sign entails, we know the loss of all uniqueness and immediacy. The sign is not the thing in itself”. It is utteractive or repeatable. A sign which was uttered only once would be not sign. It is the types of which each utterance istoken.

There is no a-textual origin of a text. The author’s plan of a book is a text. His realization of the same book is another text. Its summary is third text. A text kindles a text and there is no truth beyond the text that the text seeks to represent or explain. There is no reality other than textuality. The textuality is the free play of signifiers. There is no signified that is not itself a signifier.

In the words of John Sturrock, Derrida seeks to undermine “a prevailing and generally unconscious ‘idealism’, which asserts that language does not create meanings but reveals them, thereby implying that meanings, pre-exists their expression”. This for Derrida is nonsense. For him there can be no meaning which is not formulated, we cannot reach outside language.

In deconstruction reading between the lines is very important .  Reading against text is becomes neceddary that's why we find something new. To find a hidden meaning is very impirtant. 

Thinking Activity :- T. S Eliot

Thinking Activity :- T. S Eliot 

DescriptionThomas Stearns Eliot, OM, "one of the twentieth century's major poets" was also an essayist, publisher, playwright, and literary and social critic. Eliot also made significant contributions to the field of literary criticism, strongly influencing the school of New Criticism. He was somewhat self-deprecating and minimising of his work and once said his criticism was merely a "by-product" of his "private poetry-workshop" But the critic William Empson once said, "I do not know for certain how much of my own mind [Eliot] invented, let alone how much of it is a reaction against him or indeed a consequence of misreading him. He is a very penetrating influence, perhaps not unlike the east wind."

In his critical essay "Tradition and the Individual Talent", Eliot argues that art must be understood not in a vacuum, but in the context of previous pieces of art. "In a peculiar sense [an artist or poet] ... must inevitably be judged by the standards of the past."This essay was an important influence over the New Criticism by introducing the idea that the value of a work of art must be viewed in the context of the artist's previous works, a "simultaneous order" of works (i.e., "tradition"). Eliot himself employed this concept on many of his works, especially on his long-poem The Waste Land.

(1) How would you like to explain Eliot's concept of Tradition?  Do you agree with it? 

Ans : yes,  I  agree with Eliot's concept of tradition. Eliot takes the tradition in a positive way as well as in a larger sense.  Tradition is not inherited but it must be acquired with great labor.  So we can say that he put emphasizes on mingling the past and present with historical sense. The tradition means the work of writer and their writing style. Every writer contributes his talent in his tradition. It is the tradition with which we compare our present writer and find newness in present work.it is simple that we come to know about the new because there is something that we call past.


(2) what do you understand by Historical sense ? 

Ans : The historical sense means as Eliot presented in his essay.

" The historical sense involves a perception, not only of the pastness of the past, but of its presence ".
       
         The writer should be aware of the past and how the mistakes of the past should not repeat be in the contemporary time. Which means that it involves perception of the presence of the past not only it's pastness. It it is not only to know about historical fact but mainly it's about that in which way people were living in the past and how that past is presented in the contemporary time.


" The historical sense, which is a sense of the timeless as well as of the temporal and of the timeless and of the temporal together. Is what makes a writer traditional. 

    Which means that with the help of historical sense a writer can create the work which has timeless and temporal both together.


(3)  what is the relationship between " Tradition " and " The individual Talent " , According to the poet T. S. Eliot? 

Ans : According to T.S.Eliot ,individual Talent is a part of tradition. They are inseparable. A creative artist while creating his work not only considers literature of his own time but also the classical.

(4) Explain : " some can absorb knowledge , the more tardy must sweat for it.  Shakespeare acquired more essential history from Plutarch than most men could from the whole British Museum. "

Ans :In this quote Eliot explain that to be a good poet one must have the common sense.  It is not necessary for a poet to read all the literary history of the past but one has to have Shakespeare who is not a university student or very educated fellow ,but he easily understood everything which the university wits and his contemporary could not.

(5) Explain : " Honest criticism and sensitive appreciation is directed not upon the poet but upon the poetry. "

Ans : This quote means we should disconnect a poet from poetry to pass a fair judgement. A poem should be judge by its words not by the history of the poet.

(6) How would you like to Explain Eliot's theory of depersonalization ? You can explain with the help of chemical reaction in presence of catalyst agent, platinum. 

Ans : Eliot explains the theory of depersonalization with the help of science which makes it quite interesting as well as easy to understand.  He describes the process of making sulfuric acid.  This sulfuric acid is made from sulfur dioxide and water but entire process can't take place in the absence of platinum. In this process platinum is essential element.

(7) Explain :" poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotions it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from personality. "

Ans : According to T. S.Eliot, a poet writes poetry not to release his emotions , but he wants to escape from his emotion. He doesn't want to face it. He wants to escape from his personality from its real self rather than expressing his personality.

(8) write two points on which one can write critique on T.S.Eliot as a critic. 

Ans : As per my understanding one can write critique on following two points.....
  
    1. Eliot's concept of Tradition
    2. " poetry is not a turning loose of emotion. But as escape from emotions ,it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from personality.

Thinking Activity :- I. A. Richards

Thinking Activity :- I. A. Richards

DescriptionIvor Armstrong Richards, known as I. A. Richards, was an English educator, literary critic, and rhetorician whose work contributed to the foundations of the New Criticism, a formalist movement in literary.
Richard's intellectual contributions to the establishments of the literary methodology of the New Criticism are presented in the books The Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the influence of Language upon Thought and of the Science of Symbolism, by C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards, Principles of Literary Criticism , practical criticism and The Philosophy of Rhetoric.


Examples  :-

पंछी बनूँ उड़ती फिरू मस्त गगन मे
आज मैं आज़ाद हू दुनिया की चमन मे
पंछी बनूँ उड़ती फिरू मस्त गगन मे
आज मैं आज़ाद हू दुनिया की चमन मे
हिल्लोरी(हिल्लोरी, हिलो हिलो हिलो री)
हिल्लोरी(हिल्लोरी, हिलो हिलो हिलो री)
हिल्लोरी(हिल्लोरी, हिलो हिलो हिलो री)
हिल्लोरी(हिल्लोरी, हिलो हिलो हिलो री)
ओ मेरे जीवन मे चमका सवेरा
ओ मिटा दिल से वो गम का अंधेरा
ओ हरे खेतो मे गाए कोई लहरा
ओ यहा दिल पर किसिका ना बैरा
रंग बहारो ने भरा मेरे जीवन मे
रंग बहारो ने भरा मेरे जीवन मे
आज मैं आज़ाद हू दुनिया की चमन मे
पंछी बनूँ उड़ती फिरू मस्त गगन मे
आज मैं आज़ाद हू दुनिया की चमन मे
ओ दिल ये चाहे बहारो से खेलु
ओ गोरी नादिया की धारो से खेलु
ओ चाँद सूरज सितारो से खेलु
ओ अपनी बाहो मे आकाश लेलू
बढ़ती चालू गाती चालू अपनी लगन मे
बढ़ती चालू गाती चालू अपनी लगन मे
आज मैं आज़ाद हू दुनिया की चमन मे
पंछी बनूँ…


In this song it is writer's imagination it is not happens in real situation. So here poet used the metaphor of bird . SHe wants to free from all the cicircumstance. Words shows her happiness.